Which particle has a negative charge?

The particle with a negative charge is the electron. Electrons are subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom and carry a fundamental negative electric charge, which is approximately -1.6 x 10^-19 coulombs. This charge is equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the positive charge of protons, which are found in the nucleus.

Neutrons, on the other hand, are neutral particles found in the nucleus and carry no charge. Protons, also located in the nucleus, possess a positive charge. An atom as a whole is electrically neutral when it has an equal number of protons and electrons; therefore, it does not have a charge. The electron's negative charge is crucial in forming chemical bonds and determining the chemical properties of elements, making it a key player in chemical reactions.