What is the equation for calculating the number of moles?

The equation for calculating the number of moles is represented correctly by stating that the number of moles equals mass in grams divided by the relative formula mass (also known as molar mass) of the substance. This relationship arises from the definition of a mole, which is a specific quantity of particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) equivalent to Avogadro's number, approximately (6.022 \times 10^{23}).

When you divide the mass of a substance by its relative formula mass, you obtain the number of moles, as the relative formula mass tells you how many grams constitute one mole of that substance. For instance, if you have a given mass of a chemical compound, dividing this mass by its molar mass allows you to determine how many moles of that compound are present.

Other approaches to calculating moles involve different aspects of chemistry. However, they do not directly correlate to this fundamental definition. Understanding this equation is crucial for calculations in stoichiometry and various chemical reactions.