How do transition metals compare to Group 1 metals in terms of physical properties?

Transition metals are known for a variety of distinctive physical properties that set them apart from Group 1 metals. One of the key characteristics is their strength and density. Transition metals are generally much stronger than Group 1 metals, which are known for being soft and easily deformed. This increased strength is due to the metallic bonding in transition metals, which involves a greater number of delocalized electrons, leading to a more robust structure.

Additionally, transition metals are typically denser than Group 1 metals. Density is influenced by the atomic mass and atomic volume, and transition metals, with their larger atomic numbers and compact arrangements, tend to have higher densities. This makes them more suitable for applications that require durable materials, like construction and tools.

While Group 1 metals are highly reactive and have relatively low melting points, transition metals present a wide range of reactivities and generally have higher melting and boiling points, showcasing further physical property differences. This combination of being stronger and denser plays a significant role in the functional applications of transition metals in various fields, including engineering and technology.